The Death Penalty Is Justified - 1184 Words

The death penalty has been implemented in the world since the early eighteenth century. When the United Stated was created they adopted this policy because it was one of the only way of punishment the world knew. But as time has gone on many countries have moved away from this practice in favor of long prison sentences and other types of crime determents. This is a very controversial topic in the U.S. within the recent years because many political figures have come out passionately on either side of the issue. Many people say that the U.S. needs to strongly consider moving away from sentencing people to death as quick as possible because many people’s lives are on the line. The death penalty has proved ineffective in deterring crime, is†¦show more content†¦We could just as easily sentence someone to life in prison without putting them to death and have the same result without killing a person. Many people who are sentenced to death spend decades on death row, so peop le who think about committing a crime don’t equate capital punishment with the crime they are thinking committing. If the death penalty doesn’t deter people from committing violent crimes then there is very little reason to keep it in place. One common misconception about the death penalty is that it is less costly than sentencing someone to life in prison. People think that since someone may spend less time in prison on death row that it would cost less all together but that is factually false. One of the main reasons its false is because all of the appeals processes they have to go through is very expensive. There have been many studies that show that it can be around three-times more expensive to sentence someone to death rather than sentence them to life imprisonment. That is taxpayer’s dollars going to something that costs more and works considerably less. If the United States decides to stop the death penalty the U.S. taxpayers could be saved hundreds of m illions of dollars within the coming years and even save them billions in the next few decades. Killing someone for a crime they committed seems very barbaric in its nature. It is a rather regressive form of punishment and the United

Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee - 1810 Words

Growth Through the Years People, especially children, often make mistakes that will either lead to great or undesirable outcomes. In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, the children make several mistakes that help them mature. Firstly, the children learn how courage is more than just physical strength. Likewise, they learn that if you judge someone by their race, you will never understand their true inner character. Finally, they learn that in order to understand someone, you must understand what experiences they have been through and what they are currently experiencing. Therefore, the children’s early mistakes in judgement teach them valuable lessons, which help them make more mature decisions later on. Children often perceive a person’s outward appearance, and instantly associate it with that individual’s character. However, as time progresses, children learn that appearances have no connection with character. Scout, at one point, believed that it was adequate for those of African descent to be treated poorly, simply because of their skin colour. While Tom was on the stand, Mr. Glimer was malicious and merciless in asking him questions, which put him in a very difficult position. Scout thought that it was perfectly fine for Mr. Glimer to treat Tom harshly and with no respect. On the other hand, Dill had to leave the courtroom to calm himself because of Mr. Glimer’s unjust actions; Scout accompanied him when he left. There, Scout gave her perspective on theShow MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1049 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: How a Story could be based on True Events in Everyday LifeDaisy GaskinsCoastal Pines Technical Collegeâ€Æ'Harper Lee was born in Monroeville, Alabama. Her father was a former newspaper editor and proprietor, who had served as a state senator and practiced as a lawyer in Monroeville. Also Finch was known as the maiden name of Lee’s mother. With that being said H arper Lee became a writer like her father, but she became a American writer, famous for her race relations novel â€Å"ToRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1000 Words   |  4 Pagesworld-wide recognition to the many faces of prejudice is an accomplishment of its own. Author Harper Lee has had the honor to accomplish just that through her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, a moving and inspirational story about a young girl learning the difference between the good and the bad of the world. In the small town of Monroeville, Alabama, Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926. Growing up, Harper Lee had three siblings: two sisters and an older brother. She and her siblings grew up modestlyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee873 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee illustrates that â€Å"it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird† throughout the novel by writing innocent characters that have been harmed by evil. Tom Robinson’s pers ecution is a symbol for the death of a mockingbird. The hunters shooting the bird would in this case be the Maycomb County folk. Lee sets the time in the story in the early 1950s, when the Great Depression was going on and there was poverty everywhere. The mindset of people back then was that blackRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1290 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee published To Kill a Mockingbird during a rough period in American history, also known as the Civil Rights Movement. This plot dives into the social issues faced by African-Americans in the south, like Tom Robinson. Lee felt that the unfair treatment towards blacks were persistent, not coming to an end any time in the foreseeable future. This dark movement drove her to publish this novel hopeful that it would encourage the society to realize that the harsh racism must stop. Lee effectivelyRead MoreHarper Lee and to Kill a Mockingbird931 Words   |  4 PagesHarper Lee and her Works Harper Lee knew first hand about the life in the south in the 1930s. She was born in Monroeville, Alabama in 1926 (Castleman 2). Harper Lee was described by one of her friends as Queen of the Tomboys (Castleman 3). Scout Finch, the main character of Lees Novel, To Kill a Mockinbird, was also a tomboy. Many aspects of To Kill a Mockingbird are autobiographical (Castleman 3). Harper Lees parents were Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Finch Lee. She was the youngestRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee963 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing up, when older characters give advice to children or siblings.Growing up is used frequently in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Harper Lee uses the theme growing up in To Kill a Mockingbird to change characters opinion, develop characters through their world, and utilizes prejudice to reveal growing up. One major cause growing up is used in To Kill a Mockingbird is to represent a change of opinion. One part growing up was shown in is through the trial in part two of the novelRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1052 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee takes place in Maycomb County, Alabama in the late 30s early 40s , after the great depression when poverty and unemployment were widespread throughout the United States. Why is the preconception of racism, discrimination, and antagonism so highly related to some of the characters in this book? People often have a preconceived idea or are biased about one’s decision to live, dress, or talk. Throughout To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee examines the preconceptionRead MoreKill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee1197 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as crops, houses, and land, and money was awfully limited. These conflicts construct Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mocking Bird. 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When it is discovered he has no lunch on the first day of school, Scout tries to explain the situation to MissRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1876 Words   |  8 PagesThough Harper Lee only published two novels, her accomplishments are abundant. Throughout her career Lee claimed: the Presidential Medal of Freedom, Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, Goodreads Choice Awards Best Fiction, and Quill Award for Audio Book. Lee was also inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters. This honor society is a huge accomplishment and is considered the highest recognition for artistic talent and accomplishment in the United States. Along with these accomplishments, her

Capitalism A love story Movie review free essay sample

Movie Review: Capitalism: A Love Story Capitalism, a system of giving and taking mostly taking, the highlight of Michael Moores documentary, Capitalism: A Love Story. This quote rings a bell in our mind to reflect this system, Capitalism, that we embrace so tightly to our nation. Moore incorporate humor and juxtaposition in the film to point out the flaws in our system. The film showcase how middle class families are getting remove from their homes due to inability to make payments to the bank, how America is becoming a plutonomy in which the wealthiest 1% control the nation, and how obbyist destroy regulation (Smiths idea of laissez faire) in our economy resulting short term profit in expense of the general welfare. What does all these have to do with me? a typical student might ask. As a he/she may hope, the hard work put into the four years in high school will pay off by getting into a good college. We will write a custom essay sample on Capitalism: A love story Movie review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Why get into a good college? To get rich! Or more realistically for most students, to maintain his/her middle class statues. Or First-Generation- American like me to climb up the social ladder. But this film points out the unjust in the system and how capitalism is estroying the middle class as the gap between the poor and the wealthy increase. The American Dream as it seem become more ot a drag tor the poor than a torm ot motivation, and the wealthy are using this against the poor; according to Citibanks annual report, the poor is putting up with America becoming a plutonomy because of the deep injection of the American Dream. The solution might be government regulation and redistribution of Soicalism). Of course this film has to do with us; this film is a wake-up call for us students, to inspire us to do something for our future. Sometimes we need the stimulus to fight and this movie is it.

Essay-Whole Articles On Methodology

Question: Describe about Methodology and also explain:3.1 Introduction 3.2 Philosophical Considerations 3.2.1 Quantitative Research 3.2.2 Qualitative Research 3.2.3 Difference between qualitative research and Quantitative research 3.3 Methodological Appropriateness 3.3.1 Research Philosophy 3.3.1.1 Positivism 3.3.1.2 Realism 3.3.1.3 Interpretivism 3.3.2.1 Deductive Approaches 3.3.2.2 Inductive Approaches 3.3.3.1 Experimental Research 3.3.3.2 Survey Research 3.3.3.3. Case Study 3.3.3.4 Action Research 3.3.3.5 Grounded Theory 3.3.3.6 Ethnography 3.3.3.7 Archival Research 3.3.6 Data Collection and Analysis 3.4 Method and Techniques 3.4.2 Research Participants 3.4.3 Measuring Instrument Answer: 3.1 Introduction In order to keep customers loyal to the firms, they adopt various loyal schemes. The increased competition has led the firms to come up with new techniques and methods to keep customers loyal to a firm. In this chapter, the methodology has been introduced in three parts. The Methodology comprises of the methods and the techniques that are followed and adopted to understand the loyalty programs which are conducted for the customers. The first part of the chapter introduces the philosophical considerations with the help of the quantitative and qualitative research methods. The research onion is used in the second part of the Chapter 3 to explain the approach, strategy, philosophy, choice and sampling methods/techniques. The third part of the Chapter has been named as Methods and Techniques. A pilot test has been introduced in the first part of Methods and Techniques. The effectiveness and the authenticity is verified with the help of a pilot test. Once the pilot test will be over, the research participants will be introduced with the help of some numerical. This would help the readers understand the participants better. Next, the measuring instrument will be introduced. The last step in the Method and Technique part is the introduction of Research Procedure (Gregg, 2001). Lastly few tools will be introduced which will be used in the SPSS software. 3.2 Philosophical Considerations An integral part of data collection, data interpretation and data analysis is Research Philosophy. There are two kinds of Research tools. They are Quality Research and Quantity Research. In this part of Philosophical Consideration, the difference between quantity research and quantity research is discussed. 3.2.1 Quantitative Research Quantitative research can be explained as a method of research which is used to explain a phenomenon with the help of collection of numerical data which are analyzed with the help of Statistics or Mathematical based methods. It should be kept in mind that the most important part in quantitative research is explaining a phenomenon which is done by collecting numerical data and expressed with the help of Statistics. The numerical data that is collected is quantitative and authentic. This research can also be explained as a questionnaire with questions whose answers can be selected from a list of given possible responses by the respondents. Generally, in this approach rating and ranking questions are given. Rating questions can help understand the feelings of the respondents while ranking questions can analyze the preferences or choices of the respondents. This approach can be computerized, postal or telephonic (Hagan, 1995). Computerized approach can happen face to face using laptop or hand held computers. Since this research is represented in numerical data, the size of the sample is very significant in terms of the quantitative research. In general, in this approach the minimum number of responses in 30, but more valid data can be obtained in case of larger sample size. The findings of this approach can be represented with the help of graphs or tables. 3.2.2 Qualitative Research Qualitative Research can be explained as a method of research which collects verbal data. The data that is collected then is analyzed. Mostly with the help of this research, issues are explored and phenomenons are understood and then the questions are understood. Like quantitative research, qualitative research does not collect numerical data rather it collects information verbally. The data or the information is collected by observing the behavior of the people. This research gives us subjective and comprehensive data. Also with this research, in depth information or data can be obtained. 3.2.3 Qualitative research VS Quantitative research The differential points between the two researches are as follows: In general, we can say that qualitative research gives us data which is non-numeric while quantitative research gives us data which is numeric. The following table explains the points of differences between the two researches: Quantitative Qualitative 1. This research aims at providing mathematical figures through which the topic is explained. 1. This research aims at providing detailed description of the topic of the research. This kind of research more complete and comprehensive view of the topic. 2. In this type of Research, the description of the topic is focused and conclusive. 2. In this type of Research, the description of the topic is broader and exploratory. 3. As the latter stages approach, researcher should adopt the quantitative research. 3. This research is suitable for earlier stages of the research. 4. In this kind of Research, the measuring instruments are questionnaires and surveys. Through these tools, the data can be measured mathematically. 4. In this type of Research, the measuring instruments are detailed information, documentary analysis, structured and non structured interviews. 5. The data which is collected are in the form of tables comprised of data in the form of mathematical numbers. 5. The data which is collected are figures in the form of graphs. 6. This research is objective in nature. This research deals with focused information and analyzes the information. 6. In this research, the researcher tries to understand the behavior of the human beings. So it is more subjective in nature. 3.3 Methodological Appropriateness The research methodology comprises of four main parts. They are as design, sampling, accumulation of data and study of data. Researchs methodology has been discussed in this Chapter 3. The research onion has been developed by Saunders, Lewis Thornhill (2007) which has been used in this research. This Chapter will give a detailed description of the approach, choice, time horizon, sampling methods and techniques, analysis of the collection of the data which has been adopted by the researcher (Seidman, 2012). In order to carry on the research smoothly, it is vital to choose the correct research methodology. Your research will help you understand which methodology you would select. For example: if you want to measure the variables you should collect the quantitative data. On the other hand, when you want to understand some meanings, you will always go for a qualitative research. Sometimes using both quantitative and qualitative approach is recommended. In depth interviews are carried on as a part of qualitative research while questionnaires are distributed or surveys are conducted as a part of quantitative research. Figure2: The Research Onion Source: Saunders et al. (2006) cited in Saunders et al. (2007) 3.3.1 Philosophy of Research A significant part of Methodology of Research is philosophy of Research. The Research Methods and philosophies are a part of Research Philosophy. The Research Methods, techniques, philosophies enable the researcher to understand the topic of the research better. The researcher picks up a method in such a way taking into account of many factors like budget constraints or time constraints. Use of right philosophy helps the researcher to get rid of factors like time or budget constraints from their research. According to Mcnabb, there are three different philosophies like Positivism, interpretivism, and realism. 3.3.1.1 Positivism This philosophy involves highly structured methodology. Through this philosophy, quantifiable observations are possible. The results of the observations are evaluated with the help of Statistics. The use of this philosophy is mostly found in Natural Science. Being objective in nature, this is one of the critical philosophies in the Research Philosophy. The different Philosophy of natural science, laws of the universe and everything that happens in our nature are found in this philosophy of Positivism. Through a general source, the researcher can use the positivism philosophy and can collect all figures and facts. Saunders says that the researcher plays the most important role in this research (Bradbury, 1999). The researcher is often seen as playing a role of an objective analyst in this research. The researcher gathers information and analyzes the same information. Finally he evaluates and finds a proper result which helps him in achieving the objectives or goals of the research. 3.3.1.2 Realism Based on the interdependency of values, ideas, and beliefs of human beings, this research is also considered as a significant form of research methodology. There are many values and beliefs of humans which exist in the environment. According to the Realism Theory, the external reality inspires the nature and behavior of human beings. In this research, the human beings are not considered to be the objects. In this research, we can see the reaction of a human being towards a real situation. 3.3.1.3 Interpretivism The social and the business world of management are too complicated according to the Interpretivism Research. Hence it is difficult to formulate laws or theories which are done in Natural Science. The critical thinking about the Positivism Research is part of Interpretivism Research. A simple fact may have many truths and it is suitable for all kind of research problem and all kinds of situations. With the help of this Research, the final result from the gathered information can be obtained very effectively. This research philosophy involves interaction of the researcher with the environment. According to this research, there are various factors (like different living standards of the individuals, cultural and social differences in the environment, personality) that affect an individuals nature. 3.3.1.4 Application of the Philosophy For this research, argues that usually a combination of positivism and interpretivism are generally used in the management of business research. However, the research philosophy varies according to research question. This research focuses on impact of sales promotions on impulse purchases. Various authors have discussed the phenomenon that happens and the researcher is trying to explore the consumer behaviour on impulse purchase. The philosophy that is used in this research is realism. For this the researcher uses acceptable knowledge in the field of impulse purchase and consumer behaviour to understand the impact of sales promotion on impulse purchase and consumer loyalty. The researcher collects and analyses data using acceptable knowledge, so the research is more inclined towards realism. 3.3.2 Approaches Research approach is the next level in this process. The research approach is determined by the design of the research plan. This research uses the deductive approach, as we are required to develop a theory and set a hypothesis. Deductive approach help set up cause-effect connects to given variable without considering the individual understanding. Hence in this study, researcher was independent of what is being observed. (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2003) States that all research work involves theories and suggests the clarity of researchers theory at the beginning of the research may notify the process of research occupied in the research design. Two types of research approaches have been suggested by them, 1) Inductive approach and 2) Deductive approach. 3.3.2.1 Deductive Approaches Developing a hypothesis or hypotheses based on the existing theory is known as Deductive approach. After developing the hypothesis, now in order to test it, a strategy of research is set. Deducting conclusions from propositions is known as Deductive approach. When an expected pattern is followed and it is tested against observations is known as deduction. When reasoning is done from a particular level to a general level, it is known as deduction. In a deductive approach, the researcher deducts a hypothesis that needs to be verified. Once the hypothesis is formulated, through a definite methodology it has to be tested whether the hypothesis is incorrect or correct. The same can be explained with the help of a diagram which is as under: The deductive approach tests a given theory and finds out whether the theory is appropriate or not in a given situation. This approach uses a reasoning path and formulates a new hypothesis. Then the hypothesis is tested and the end result is either a confirmation or a rejection. 3.3.2.2 Inductive Approaches This approach begins with a topic and with the progression of research; the researcher starts identifying preliminary relationships. This research starts with observations and as the research comes to an end theories or laws are formulated. At the beginning of the research, the researcher starts it with no theories. The research can alter the direction of the research once the research had started and is in progression. 3.3.2.3 Application of the Approaches The researcher has chosen the deductive approach over the inductive approach for this research. In deductive approach for this research, an initial stage presents a general hypothesis. This initial stage contains secondary data mentioned by various authors. This hypothesis is then tested using the data collection methods to answer the objectives. 3.3.3 Strategies The most feasible solution for this dissertation is the survey method. The survey method is connected with deductive approach. Deductive approach lets the gathering of a great quantity of data from considerable population in extremely inexpensive way. Utilising the questionnaire, data can be standardised allowing easy compilation. It is also a cheap option for the researcher. The survey plan also allows gathering quantitative data, which can be analysed using expressive tactics. The survey strategy utilises the creation of data collection method to make sure a good feedback rate. 3.3.3.1 Experimental Research This method is a systematic method of carrying out a research. When one or more variables are manipulated by the researcher, the Experimental Research can be carried out. The use of controlled testing is often done by the researcher. There are some situations when the experimental research is used. They are as follows: There is a time priority factor in a relationship. A consistent effect is found in a casual relationship. The experimental research is same as a true experiment. 3.3.3.2 Survey Research When we try to analyze feelings, beliefs, and thoughts we often use Survey Research. The Research which takes place with the help of survey plays an important role in measurement. Research based on a survey involves asking questions to the respondents. A survey can take place on a feedback form and it can also involve a detailed interview of the respondent. There are different kinds of surveys. Surveys can be in the form of questionnaire or interviews. 3.3.3.3. Case Study It is another method of analysis. This method involves detailed and close examination of the topic of the research. It is very difficult to define a case study with a single definition as there is no single definition of it but they have a very important place in various professions like education, social work, sociology, anthropology, psychology and political science. The case that is studied can be an event, organization, event that exists at a particular time and in a particular place. It can also be a in-depth study of an individual. 3.3.3.4 Action Research In order to help the researcher in improving his actions, this research is conducted. It is either a way to solve an immediate problem or a way to find better ways to address problems and solve them. 3.3.3.5 Grounded Theory This theory is a general theory. This theory helps you to guide on the factors like collection of data. Often regarded as a qualitative theory but it is a general method. 3.3.3.6 Ethnography The research which is used to conduct the systematic study of people and culture it is known as Ethnography. The study helps the researcher to find the cultural aspect from the viewpoint of the topic of the research (Reason, 1994). 3.3.3.7 Archival Research This type of research extracts evidence from the old archival records. This is a primary research which is found to be more complicated and time taking research. 3.3.3.8 Application of the Strategies In the case of this dissertation, the researcher plans to distribute questionnaire among the customers and thus do the survey for this dissertation. The researcher that adds to the cheapness of the survey will hand this out. The researcher is also planning to do two mini focus group interviews among the customers. Looking at all these options, the researcher feels that conducting a survey will be the best way to collect data for this research. 3.3.4 Choices Two primary methods of data collection are there (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2003). The methods are 1) quantitative data collection and 2) qualitative data collection. First method is used in research would be usually without numerical data. Example: Pictures or graphic clips. Second method is used in data would be numerical data having of statistical analysis. Both the methods can be used by the researcher at a time (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2003). If such approach is used then it is called as mixed method. Both these could be done at the same time or one after the other, but the methods cannot be combined. The weakness of both quantitative and qualitative methods can be overcome by using both the methods. If we use mixed methods, different methods like interview and questionnaire can be used for the study. A more comprehensive evidence for researching can be achieved than using just one method. 3.3.4.1 Application of the Choice In the context of this research, the researcher used a combination of both quantitative and qualitative data techniques to find the data. The quantitative data is analysed with the help of questionnaires and the qualitative data is analysed with the help of interviews. The attitudes and impulse buying behaviour and perception of customers can be studied using the questionnaire surveys. For the qualitative data analysis, two mini focus groups consisting of three members each will be conducted by the researcher. The researcher will use the respondents observation and researchers observation to conclude his findings. In short, the researcher uses mixed method of data analysis to generalise the findings. 3.3.5 Time Horizons Time horizons are required for the designing of research and to be independent of the research method employed (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2003). Two types of time horizons are there 1) Longitudinal and 2) Cross- Sectional. The studies of first type are repeated over a long period while on the other hand, second type is restricted to a short amount of time. Hence this research is bounded to a short amount of time; the researcher must use the Cross-Sectional time horizon. 3.3.5.1 Application of the Time Horizons When development or change happens over a long time, longitudinal research is taken on. Some limitations exist in adopting such study when there is restriction of time. Researcher tries to discover the connection between environment in an organization and its effect on behaviours (Lieberman, 1993). The aim that was adopted was to discover the connection at the current time. 3.3.6 Data Collection and Analysis A questionnaire is often used to collect data. Through different methods like interviews, surveys, observations data is collected. Once the data or information is collected, the data is analyzed with the help of various kinds of research methods. 3.3.6.1 Data Collection As mentioned in his studies (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2003) that questionnaire is the mainly used tool to collect data in surveys. Hence, this study is as well uses a questionnaire consisting of three parts. The first segment of the questionnaire is demographic one assessing customers gender, age, profession and the purpose of their visit. The second segment made up of general questions like ease of access ofthe Hotel and the base to choose it. The third segment is connected to the customers satisfaction, which consists of 12 questions. These questions are based on file likert scale ranging from, 1) strongly disagree 2) slightly disagree 3) disagree 4) neutral 5) slightly agree 6) agree and 7) strongly agree. This segment assesses the insights of customers about the quality of the Hotel in relation with amenities. 3.3.6.2 Analysis of Data A computer software package known as Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) is used to prepare results and analysis of the collected data, which can be found in next chapter. This was done in order to make the analysis as empirical and universally interpretable as possible. The analysis has been done to revolve around the hypotheses of the study, whereby the researcher seeks to test the validity or otherwise of the hypothesis. After the statistical analysis, the researcher goes a step further to relate the primary research findings with secondary research in a discussion that is done by the use of literature. This was done in order to ensure that the newly created knowledge from the primary research could be fitted directly into existing knowledge in literature. This means that the researcher accepts the position that knowledge is a complex phenomenon, which should have many different dimensions that must fit together to form a perfect whole. The discussion of the data also e nsures that gaps that are identified in literature are bridged with new ideas from this study (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2003). 3.3.6.3 Questionnaire Design Only one section of the survey procedure is represented by the questionnaire. Though, it is a very important part of the process. The data will not be provided by poorly written questionnaire that are necessary or will give data that are inaccurate. Emphasis should be sufficient to take out the necessary information from the respondents and should be on using the correct terminology (Lieberman, 1993). 3.4 Method and Techniques Data can be collected with the help of various kinds of methods and techniques like questionnaires, interviews or observations. 3.4.1 Pilot Test A pilot-test was then performed to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Due to the researcher choose the questionnaire which comes from Meyer and Allen (1990)s journal, but the researcher choose the Thai customer as the test object. It is necessary to test these questionnaires which can be understood by them. To do the pilot test, researcher has asked 5 Thai people to explain the questionnaire. After that, researcher has collected the test outcome and compares the similarity (Table 2). In the table 2, researcher lists the test outcome of the pilot test. Due to the researcher asked Thai people to the Pilot Test and the explain answer is in Thai (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2003). Researcher chooses 12 questions from the whole questionnaire and though the pilot test, researcher find it is easy for Thai customers to understand these questions. Table 2 Pilot Test Outcomes 3.4.2 Research Participants A research participant is a human participant who takes part in the research. 3.4.3 Measuring Instrument A measuring instrument is a device which is used in order to understand the survey rating. 3.4.3.1 Scale Format Various surveys rate the excellence of the customers understanding on a likertscale which uses a seven-point system starting from very satisfied to very dissatisfy (Herington, 2007). The questionnaire focuses on the on the whole stay, emergence and condition of the hotel and other amenities provided in the hotel. 3.4.3.2 Research Procedure More or less 100 respondents should be selected from a population of all guests to Siam Kempinski Hotel. The volume of the sample has had to be made narrow because of less time, funds and available resources (Jupp, 2006). Probability sampling method will be the most suitable method for data gathering is what researcher found during this; hence there is no criterion for respondents except that they are Siam Kempinski guests. This procedure would make sure that a fair method is used to acquire respondents and also remove any bias. 3.5 Chapter Summary Detailed explanation of the research methodology, the instrument of data collection, triangulation of data, sample design and the techniques of data analysis method has been given in this chapter along with the rationale for the choices made by the researcher in studying the relevance of international branding as market entry strategy and its impact on the customers in the foreign markets. The researcher conducted a survey of the customers regarding their perceptions and perspectives about the issue. The information forthcoming from these customers enabled the researcher to study the problem quantitatively and qualitatively. The collected data was then analysed using the techniques relevant for the analysis of both quantitative data as well as the qualitative data in order to interpret the accumulated information. This study predominantly uses the primary data, although extensive section of the research is derived from the secondary data as well. This chapter has shown the research methodology process such as research philosophy, techniques and methods. The best available method was to conduct a survey and analysing the data using Likert Scale Technique. The respondents were visitors to the hotel staying at the Siam Kempinski Hotel. Although the responses of the customers may be biased as their opinion may be influenced by the service provided at that very moment, yet, this research gives a lot of exciting information concerning their insight of the service quality. References: 1. Biocca, F., Harms, C., Gregg, J. (2001, May). The networked minds measure of social presence: Pilot test of the factor structure and concurrent validity. In4th annual International Workshop on Presence, Philadelphia, PA. 2. Archbold, P. G., Stewart, B. J., Miller, L. L., Harvath, T. A., Greenlick, M. R., van Buren, L., ... Hagan, J. M. (1995). The PREP system of nursing interventions: A pilot test with families caring for older members.Research in nursing health,18(1), 3-16. 3. Seidman, I. (2012).Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences. Teachers college press. 4. Reason, P. E. (1994).Participation in human inquiry. Sage Publications, Inc. 5. Reason, P., Bradbury, H. (Eds.). (2013).The SAGE handbook of action research: Participative inquiry and practice. Sage. 6. Heron, J. (1996).Co-operative inquiry: Research into the human condition. Sage. 7. Sapsford, R., Jupp, V. (Eds.). (2006).Data collection and analysis. Sage. 8. Gallagher, M. (2009). Data collection and analysis.Researching with children and young people: Research design, methods and analysis, 65-127. 9. Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M. (1984). Drawing valid meaning from qualitative data: Toward a shared craft.Educational researcher, 20-30. 10. Rose, K. R., Ng, C. (2001). Inductive and deductive approaches to teaching compliments and compliment responses.Rose and Kasper, 145-170.

Being a Project Manager essays

Being a Project Manager essays I am a software project manager at a booming Fortune 500 company having just been promoted from a position as a software engineer. I have been assigned to an on-going software development project because the previous manager left the company to take a job with one of our competitors. After meeting with my new team and reading the project documentation, I have an overall picture of the problem that my boss wants me to solve: we are four months behind schedule and our customer is furious. Our company is in danger of permanently losing this corporate customer. Many team members are already staying late and coming in on Saturdays. Stress levels are skyrocketing. The project is largely finished, but testing is taking forever. The team keeps finding more defects in the software, and when they fix the problems that they know about, they unwittingly create new problems. The software needs to be cleaned up and shipped as soon as possible. In order to expedite the conclusion of this project, I will start out by holding a meeting to plan the rest of the project by addressing the following: the morale of the engineers and relations with the customer, the testing process, and the conclusion. The first thing I will deal with is the stress among the software engineers. By creating a working atmosphere with less stress and frustration, the team members will be able to think clearer, be more motivated, and work cooperatively. I will reaffirm our vision of completing the software and the impact it will have for our customer and our company. By reminding everyone of our goal, the team will be able to maintain focus in order to finish the project smoothly and within a reasonable time frame. To further reduce the frenzy, I will not require anyone to work extra hours or come in on Saturdays; it is optional. Next in the meeting, we will review the customer request and make sure all their requirements are honored. Once we have est...

Napoleons control over Europe essays

Napoleon's control over Europe essays Napoleon was able to control most of Europe by 1807 due to many victories over countries in The Third Coalition, battle tactics such as surprise attacks which his opponents did not know how to deal with, and his own sheer brilliance and intelligence. Napoleon was able to use his intelligence in negotiation as well as the battle field. In 1805 Britain, Russia, Austria and Sweden formed The Third Coalition. Fearing the monarchical pretensions and territorial greediness of Napoleon I (wsu.edu:8000/~dee/REV/NAPOLEAN.HTM). This coalition was intended to force France and Napoleons Empire back to the size it was, before the revolution. Despite being led by Britain, the coalition was a failure. Napoleons original plans were to invade England, but he decided to destroy this new threat to his supremacy on land (Two centuries: A profile of modern history, page 83) by overthrowing the Third coalition. Napoleon did this by marching his army swiftly into Germany, not only surprising the Austrian army but encountering them with battle techniques such as surprise attacks, and artillery and infantry co-ordination, which they did not know how to deal with, resulting in their surrender at Ulm. In November he had occupied Vienna, the Hasburg capital and on December 2, 1805, he defeated the Austrians and Russians at the Battle of Austerlitz (sparknotes.com/biography/napoleon/section6.rhtml) by once again using battle techniques that they did not know how to deal with. This victory gave Austria no other option but to accept the Peace of Pressburg, in which they were forced to cede all of Italy north of Rome to him. (wsu.edu:8000/~dee/REV/NAPOLEAN.HTM) Napoleon added it to his Kingdom of Italy (Two centuries: A profile of modern history, page 83) and he then had himself crowned king...

Managing the United Kingdom Health Service Essay

Managing the United Kingdom Health Service - Essay Example This has been totally missing from the management at NHS. Management is can be defined both as art and science. It is the art of bringing out efficiency of people and making them more effective than they would have been with you. There are four basic pillars: plan, organize, direct, and monitor. The basic role of a manager is to make the staff more effective. Making them do work more efficiently than they are doing presently. If you add value to your staff's work, you are a successful manager. However, in NHS, managers are mere implementers who have no active decision making power. They merely implement the rules and regulations dictated by the Government. There is no way that they can add value to their or their staff's work. The managers at NHS feel that their role is unrecognised by patients, colleagues, the public and the government. Managers at NHS have less autonomy and less involvement in key decision making than their staff assume. And they are subjected to increasing control. Without a plan you will never succeed. If you happen to make it to the goal, it will have been by luck or chance and is not repeatable. You may make it as a flash-in-the-pan, an overnight sensation, but you will never have the record of accomplishment of accomplishments of which success is made. This important element of effective management is missing at NHS. Infact the organisation lacks serious planning and focus. As a result, the quality of services has been detortiating and ultimately the managers are planned by both government as well as public for inefficient services even though they have no power to run the organisation with a vision of their own. A study reveal that the notion of management had become divorced from clinical practice, even though many managers were doctors or nurses who had taken on the role to try to make a difference. To them, what was now called management was just an extension of the profession. Organize Organising and priortising work to ensure smooth, timely as well as quality deliveries and services form the core of good management. The lack of proper management results in poor organisation and prioritisation of work at NHS. Direct Directing your subordinates not as you are directing them but as if you are guiding them how to perform their specific job role. I like to think of this part like conducting an orchestra. Everyone in the orchestra has the music in front of them. They know which section is playing which piece and when. Now you need only to tap the podium lightly with your

Museum paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Museum paper - Essay Example Adams is not only a photographer par excellence, he is also a famous environmentalist known for pushing preservationist agendas and working for the protection of the American natural heritage (Bowers, 2007). The sublime in nature is clearly evident in most of his works where the majesty of the natural environment is presented to the viewers unadulterated by colors. The collection on display at the Bowers Museum features not only pictures of nature but also of man and some which are in combination. Clearly, Adams was not looking at nature to the exclusion of human beings since he does take his own self portrait amongst natural surroundings even if it is just a shadow of his self which is imposed on nature. However, the images and the artist himself come with the implication that nature is certainly a fundamental part of who he is and what he thinks is important (Bowers, 2007). On the other hand, Chuck Close seems to be focusing on the art and wealth of effort which is required to produce a single work of art. While the works seem like pictures and images when seen from a distance, upon closer examination the art seems to dissolve into pixels that can be found on television or computer screens (OCMA, 2007). This I found to be quite magical since the image presented by the artists could change significantly depending on the distance I was standing away and the areas I was focusing on. Chuck Close’s work does not focus on the elements of nature which surround us but rather it focuses on the greatest creation of nature, i.e. human beings. More exactly, it focuses on the human face in its many variations, colors, shapes and ages. For example, the Self-Portrait of the artist shows a middle aged man who is looking directly at the audience while Emma shows a young child who seems to be gazing into the distance rather than looking at the viewer (OCMA, 2007).

Mental health of children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mental health of children - Essay Example A child’s mental health is difficult to fathom as they may not be able to explicitly express that themselves. It can be evident when the child displays anxiety, excessive mood swings, poor performance at school and similar behavioural disorders. These lead to the child becoming volatile and depressed causing discord in the family and community. There are various factors that cause disruption of a child’s mental health. The most critical factor is the biological factor as it is unpredictable and often is undiagnosed until too late. They can be caused though genetics, some form of chemical imbalance in the body or some form of damage or injury to the central nervous system. Some families have a history of mental illnesses and genetically that can be passed on to a child. Severe or critical illnesses during infancy or childhood stage can also damage the brain and cause some mental illness. (Zenah, 2009) Environmental factors that can affect a child’s mental health w ould be extreme stressful environment, exposure to violence or the loss of someone very close and dear. Divorced parents or too many times of shifting homes or the society as a whole can impact a child’s mental health.

The righteousness of God

The righteousness of God The righteousness of God emphasizes the perfection of His divine character while exposing the fallen nature of man. Romans 3:10 says There is no one righteous, not even one. Verse 11 goes on to say that there is no one who understands, and no one who seeks God. Mankind is fallen, and doomed to eternal damnation if not for the righteousness of God. The thesis of this study will demonstrate that Pauls epistle to the Romans more than any other book of the Bibleprovides profound insight into the free gift, and meaning of the righteousness of God. Gods righteousness is attained by grace, through faith in Jesus Christ. Righteousness is a relationship word, and at the foundation of its meaning is the idea of being right with the other person; doing what is called for to preserve and continue the relationship. God has placed us in right relationship to Him through Christ. Gods righteousness demands He condemn sin, and judge sinners (1:18-3:20). In lieu of that condemnation and judgment, He has provided forgiveness of sin for all who believe in Christ Jesus (justification; 3:21,5:21), and power for living a holy life in right relationship to Himself (sanctification; 6:1, 8:39). Righteousness is the position commanded by God, in which we put on the new self that is created to be like God (Eph. 4:24; 2 Cor. 3:9; 6:14). Its conformity to all He commands or appoints. Since God Himself is the standard, the righteousness of God is the righteousness which belongs to God (Matt. 6:33; James 1:20). Righteousness is Gods standard for which people are expected to attain. Righteousness is what man should do, and righteous are those who do it. What does righteousness mean? The righteousness of God is a righteousness of faith (Rom. 4:11). A brief study of the word righteousness and faith, in their Greek and Hebrew form, will be necessary in order to fully comprehend the righteousness of God. Word Study Righteousness: Greek: (dikaiosune); (1) Pauline thought of the divine action by which God puts a person right with himself, and which then becomes a dynamic power in the believers life making righteous, or a state of having been made righteous (Rom. 1:17). Hebrew: (1) righteousness, justice, rightness, i.e., the state of doing what is required according to a standard (Ps 31:2); (2) justice (Is. 5:23); 3. innocence, i.e., the state of not having any sin or its associated guilt. Faith: Greek: (pistis), (eos), (he): a state of certainty with regard to belief (Ac 17:31); the state of complete dependability (Ro 3:3); Christian faith, belief in the Gospel (Ro 1:8; Eph 2:8; Gal 1:23; Jude 3). Hebrew: (emuwnah); 49 occurrences; AV translates as faithfulness 18 times, truth 13 times, faithfully five times; faithfulness, trustworthiness, steadiness, entrusted, i.e., a state or condition of being dependable to a person or standard. The message of Romans essentially says, we are made righteous because God puts a person in right standing with Him through the faith of the believer in the gospel of Jesus Christ. The Righteousness of God expressed in the Old and New Testaments The idea of the righteousness of God is a fundamental biblical idea that encompasses both Testaments. In the Old Testament God says: Turn to me and be saved, all the ends of the earth; For I am God, and there is no other. I have sworn by Myself, the word has gone from My mouth in righteousness, and will not turn back (Isa. 45:22-23). I bring near My righteousness, its not far off: my salvation will not delay (Isa. 46:13; 51:5). In these passages the righteousness of God is conceived as going forth, as projected from the Divine essence, and realizing itself among men. In Is. 54:17 its expressly said, Their righteousness [which] is of Me; and in Is. 45:25 the process is described as one of justification (in the Lord shall all the seed of Israel be justified. In close attendance on the righteousness of God is His salvation; where the one is, the other immediately follows. Pauls message to the Romans shines a new light on the righteousness of God. His righteousness flows forth and embraces man, when its met by faith. In Romans 3:21, Paul claims that this righteousness of God is attested to in the Old Testament. Paul makes clear that only those who believe will experience Gods righteousness. He reiterates the importance of faith with a quotation from Habakkuk 2:4, The righteous will live by faith.? No other New Testament book exposits the righteousness of God as thoroughly, and precisely, as the book of Romans. From the opening introduction to Pauls final exhortation, Gods righteousness is the pervasive topic. The Righteousness of God by Faith Its unlikely that one can find a passage in Scripture that concisely summarizes the message of salvation more effectively than Romans 1:16-17. The word righteousness occurs ninety-two times in the New Testament, and thirty-six times in the book of Romans. Paul states the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith (v. 17). Its difficult to know exactly what Paul had in mind with this phrase. He may be saying its a faith from first to last, indicating that faith must govern our approach to God throughout our walk with him. We never outgrow our need for faith, and God never changes that requirement. My view is that Paul is describing the faith that Gods people had in Old Testament times (Old Covenant), and the faith that is in Christ Jesus in the New Testament times (New Covenant). Its a continuation of faith from old to new, and first to last; from faith to faith. Righteousness is doing that which is expected within the Covenant relationship. Under the Old Covenant God gave the Law, and thereby demonstrated that man is under obligation to meet with his approval. Under the New Covenant; God gave His Son Jesus, and promises to give his approval if man responds to Christ in faith. Christ is now the object of our faith. Apart From the Law, the Righteousness of God is Manifested In this section (Rom. 3:21-26), Paul shifts to a more positive approach to the gospel. This passage restates the thesis of Romans 1:17, after elaborating its antithesis in 1:18-3:20. If 3:21- 26 is contrasted with all of 1:18-3:20, then its possible to say, As the wrath of God dominated the old era (1:18), so the righteousness of God dominates the new. Now but without Law rightness of God has been demonstrated having testified by the Law, and the spokesmen (Rom. 3:21). This translation shows the challenge of bringing the full meaning of one language into another, but in this verse we see the changing of the guard, so to speak, in relation to Gods righteousness. The fulfillment of the Law is in Christ Jesus: its in Him, and through Him that we obtain righteousness. In other words, according to Paul, God gave the Law not only to regulate the conduct of his people, but more importantly, to reveal their sin until the fulfillment of the promises in Christ. Righteousness came to man by way of proper behavior under the Old Testament Law. The Law reveals the righteousness of God, because the Law is holy, righteous, and good (Rom. 7:12). Through the Gospel righteousness comes by believing in the person, and work, of Jesus Christ. The righteousness of God refers to the manner in which God brings people into a right relationship with Himself. He does this apart from the Law, because by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified (v. 20). If it were possible to keep the Law perfectly, where is righteousness to be found? That encapsulates Pauls theology of Justification. Righteousness is attained through faith (3:22). The cost of Justification is free to us; for God, the price is His Son. Gods wrath was poured out on Jesus as a ransom in order to purchase us for Himself. Through the sacrifice of his Son, God has demonstrated, and satisfied His righteousness (3:25, 26). Its the righteousness which proceeds from God (gen. auctoris), which personally appeared in Christ, who is our Righteousness,? and which is communicated to the believer for Christs sake in the act of justification by faith. This new method of acquiring righteousness does not rely upon works; but on faith, and devotion to Jesus Christ. Its therefore no longer confined to any particular people, but is thrown open without distinction to all, on the sole condition of believing; Jew or Gentile. As stated previously, Justification is through faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. However, its not enough to say, I believe, and go to church. Even demons have belief in God, yet they are not justified (James 2:19). A person must believe in the Person, and work of the Lord Jesus Christ; the source of justification. Justification is for all people. Its not what you have done or who you are, its what Jesus has done, and who He is. What mankind could not do for himself, God has done for him through Jesus Christ. All have sinned, and become unacceptable to a holy and righteous God (v. 23). Paul reminds us that the universal invitation to believe is the flip side of the universal need for salvation. There is no difference, he affirms at the end of verse 22, continuing in verse 23 with the well-known summary of 1:18-3:20: all have sinned, and fall short of the glory of God. Everyone stands condemned: in need of Justification. There is none who seek God; all have turned aside.there is none who does good, not even one (Rom. 3:11-12). Abraham Believed and Righteousness was Credited to Him Romans chapter four is one of the key chapters relating to the righteousness of God. Continuing his discussion on justification by faith from chapter three, Paul presents Abraham in chapter four to establish his argument for the righteousness of God, to all who believe (Rom. 4:3-5). Paul refutes the assumption of 4:1 by arguing in 4:9-12 that Abraham is not simply the father of the Jews but of all who believe (4:11b). Abraham was not justified by his works but rather by faith (4:2-3). Abraham; the father of us all, and the heir of the world, was credited with righteousness because he believed God through the righteousness of faith (4:13). No other chapter demonstrates Gods righteousness through faith as succinctly as chapter four of Romans because it ties together the old and the new Covenants. Jew is not superior to the Gentile because of their father Abraham. The faith of Abraham is the same faith that allows all nations to accept the righteousness of God through Christ Jesus (4:16-18). When we believe in Christ an exchange occurs, Christ allows our faith to be the incentive for forgiveness, and the bestowal of His righteousness on us. There is absolutely nothing we can do to earn this new position in Christ; its a gift of grace. The remainder of chapter 4 is quickly explained. Pauls remark in 4:16 concerning the faith of Abraham cues the description of Abrahams faith in 4:17-22. Then Paul makes the present day application of the Abraham example in 4:23-25. The Free Gift of Righteousness Where Adam inaugurated a solidarity in sin and death, Christ is presented as the inaugurator of a new, and immeasurably more powerful solidarity in righteousness and life. There is nothing in man that would give cause for God to save him. No person seeks God on his own (Rom. 3:11). That is what makes Romans 5:8 so amazingly incomprehensible. God demonstrates His love for us while we were yet sinners, and died for us. Everyone deserves condemnation unto death. Through Gods perfect love, He chose to provide everyone with the opportunity of receiving His free gift of grace that leads to the righteousness of salvation (5:8-9). Our righteousness is a gift from God, turning condemnation into justification (5:15-17). The disobedience of the one man, Adam, caused many to be made sinners, and the enemies of God (5:8;10). In contrast to the disobedience of Adam, the obedience of the one man, Jesus, made the free gift of righteousness possible through His atoning work on the cross (v. 16). Since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. Paul frequently uses the term righteousness in a paradoxical sense by showing how God offers righteousness to the unrighteous as a free gift by declaring them justified through Jesus Christ (Rom. 3:24). In Romans 5:9, the ungodly of v.6, sinners of v.8, and enemies of God in v. 10 are now declared righteous. They become the recipients of the abundant provision of the gift of grace, and righteousness, through Jesus Christ (Rom. 5:17). There is mercy in God, there is sufficiency in the satisfaction of Christ: the promise is free, and universal. Nothing is or ever can be goodness in man except for the spirit of Christ revealed in his soul. Christ in us is our only goodness, as Christ in us is our hope of glory. Christ in us is the pure free gift of God to us because the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord (Rom. 6:23). There are many things we will never fully understand this side of heaven. Gods love is one of those things. How can we comprehend the love He has for us? He laid down His life for His friends. (John 15:12-14). We are His friend if we love each other as He loves us. The origin of Gods justification is His grace; the historical basis of this gift is the redemption that came through Christ Jesus. Living Out the Righteousness of God The righteous requirements of the Law . . . fully met in us who do not walk according to the flesh, but of the spirit (Rom. 8:4). When Paul said that the righteous requirements of the Law are fully met in the believer, he was making an astonishing statement. Rightly understood, the Law does not just speak to what we do and say outside, it calls for us to be changed inside as well. Do not let sin reign in your body so that you obey its lusts (Rom. 6:12). Paul says we are to count ourselves dead to sin, but alive to God in Christ Jesus (Rom. 6:11). The person once guilty, but now saved by grace, has been set right in relation to God. Christs work fulfils the need for sanctification. He made allowance for this in His atonement, and in the abundance of His grace. Its completed in Him, and must be accepted as the free and perfect gift through Christ alone. You are in Christ Jesus, who has become for us wisdom from Godthat is, our righteousness, holiness and redemption (1 Cor. 1:30). Does sanctification mean we are dead to the sinful self? That life has been crucified with Christ already, on the cross. We need only hand it over to Him. He will do away with it, and lay it to rest forever in His grave. Is sanctification a new life of purity, righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit? Christ Himself must be our life, our peace, our purity, and our full and overflowing joy. We are to live as living sacrifices to Him, presenting our members to Him as instruments of righteousness (Rom. 6:13). The word Instruments (opla): properly signifies arms, or implements of war; but it also denotes an instrument of any kind which we use for defense or aid. Here, it means that we should not devote our members; hands, tongue, etc., as if under the direction of sinful passions, and corrupt desires, to accomplish purposes of iniquity. We should not make the members of our bodies the slaves of sin reigning within us. Christians must cultivate peace and harmony with each other. We are to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace (Eph. 4:3), and be of one mind; live in peace (2 Cor. 3:11). The cultivation of unity and peace are derived from love. Love will lead us to bear one anothers burden, and so fulfill the Law of Christ (Gal. 6:2). That Law is freedom through grace, and faith in Christ Jesus. The slaves of sin can have no part in this freedom from the Law since they are still subject to the penalties of the Law, which are the necessary results of sin. In Romans 6:16, Paul is saying the one who is our master is the one whom we obey. If you obey sin, then that is your master. Do not say Christ is your master if you are living in sin; sin is your master. If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed (John 8:36). Free to live for Him, and free to obey Him. Sin is our former master; grace through Christ is our new master. You have been set free from sin, and have become slaves to God (Rom. 6:22). As long as we are living on this earth, the flesh (the body) will cry out for attention, and that is the instrument by which Satan works to destroy our faith. Platonists frequently use metaphors relating to warfare, imprisonment, rule, and slavery to explain the relationship between the souls parts. Platonism is distinctive in appealing to a vision of the soul locked in a fierce struggle between reason and the emotions, the rational and irrational faculties, or the better and worse parts of the soul. In Romans 6:12-14, Paul sees a mind that has been formerly enslaved to sin, now liberated by Gods intervention. Sins rule still threatens, as Paul eloquently points out in chapter 7 of Romans. Roman 7 presents an extended monologue about the struggle with sin. Sin does the exact opposite of what the soul knows is just and good. The rule of sin, and the rule of God are developed as antithetical forms of enslavement. What a wretched man I am! Who will rescue me from this body of death? Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! (Rom. 7:24-25). Conclusion This paper has clearly shown that the epistle of Romans describes Gods righteousness more thoroughly than any other book of Scripture. Pauls letter to the Romans takes the reader on a journey that outlines the sinfulness of man, the Good News of the Gospel, and application of the righteousness of God to daily life. God does not judge us on the basis of who we are, or on the basis of how much we know about Him, but on the basis of what we do with what we know. Paul begins in Romans 1:16 by stating he is not ashamed of the gospel because its the power of God unto salvation. Its the power of God unto salvation because the righteousness of God is revealed in it from faithfulness unto faith. Gods righteousness is the righteousness that belongs to God, and more specifically, the righteousness God gives when a person trusts Christ (Rom. 10:3-4). God righteousness is the theme that flows from the beginning to the end of the letter to the Romans.

the Accident - Short Story :: essays research papers

The "Accident" The pick-up bounced jarringly down the old dirt road. The driver sat up straight in the front seat, checking over her shoulder every few seconds to make sure that her cargo hadn't fallen out. * * * * * She wasn't sure why she had done it, but the fact was, she had and she did not want to get caught. There was no way she could tell anyone, not even her best friend. What was she supposed to do? Go to the police? Tell them that it was an "accident"? She wasn't sure how you "accidentally" stabbed someone 6 times in the back. It had partially been his fault too. If he hadn't made her so mad, she wouldn't have jokingly gotten the knife out of the kitchen drawer. 'I'm going to kill you', she had said. But she didn't really mean it. Did she? Their argument got more heated, until he was screaming at her. And then he hit her. She was too shocked to say anything. He had always been so gentle. She stared at him for a minute, and then he turned around to leave. She's not sure what came over her at that minute, she doesn't even remember what she was thinking. But she does remember jumping on him, and knocking him to the floor, and then taking her knife and plunging it in and out of his back. She had no recollection of what happened for the next 10 minutes, perhaps she blacked out, but when she finally stood up, she knew what she had to do. She walked out to the garage and got a tarp down off the shelf. Her father used it to cover the wood pile, but she figured he probably wouldn't notice it was gone for a while. She took the tarp back into the kitchen and rolled the body on to it, checking to make sure that she didn't get blood onto anything that would be noticeably stained. The large pool of blood on the floor would be a problem, but she'd take care of that when she got back. She finally managed to get his body into the back of her truck. He had been a fairly good sized boy, and it was a struggle for her. She made sure that it was secure in the back, since the gate didn't always close right. She didn't want any accidental spills in the middle of the road.

12 Angry Men Structural Elements

How does Rose use structural elements to strengthen his examination of the judicial system? Rose uses the structural elements of the play to further his position, critiquing the flaws of the judicial system. 12 Angry Men takes place in ‘real time', which allows for the play's characters to further develop and creates a sense of realism. The characters of the play are representative of the play's message, that decisions such as the one the jurors must make are important, and cannot be viewed with apathy and walked away from. The apathy and prejudice that most of the jurors possessed when they initially made their decisions is something that Rose intended to criticise, as this same apathy and prejudice was clearly in 1950's society, and may divert the judicial processes. In the beginning, the 8th juror is the only one who feels sympathy for the boy being persecuted, believing that if he is to be sentenced to death in an electric chair then his case at least needs to be treated with empathy and caution, rather than carelessly putting the case behind in the quickest fashion and moving on, from apathy or prejudice. Over the course of the play the jurors realise that this is something they cannot walk away from, that they cannot escape from, and something that they must dedicate themselves to, they realise that the life of a young, poor boy, who lived in the slums and suffered from an abusive and harsh childhood is more important than what lies beyond the courtroom doors, and the fact that not only does the play take place in ‘real time', but also largely takes place in one setting, better yet, one room, only conveys this feeling of the realisation that apathy is not the solution. They are trapped, isolated from the freedom of their lives, and the apathy or prejudiced that may have been a part of their lives, and confronted with the care they must have for the life of someone else. The washroom exists as an escape for them, a place for their true thoughts, where even the apathy and hatred within them may return, but in the end it is connected the private room in which they vote, in the end they cannot simply decide whether a boy lives or dies based on that same apathy or hatred, it should be a lengthy and important process that should take into consideration the facts and the gravity of their decision, and not be influenced or diverted by the views of the people making that decision. Rose believes that the judicial system is flawed, yet by creating characters such as the 8th juror, the protagonist and also the first dissenter, he also believes that the judicial system is one that would be able to function with a treatment of empathy, severity and importance. By having the characters all change their decision, through empathy and the realisation of the importance of their vote, he suggests that this is the solution, rather than the personal lives, views or beliefs influencing and making the decision in a judicial process, in particular, one as severe and brutal as the one in the play.

Pregnancy Considerations Example

Pregnancy Considerations Example Pregnancy Considerations – Term Paper Example Pregnancy Consideration Pregnancy Consideration Recent statistics show that more women prefer to start their families later on in their lives when they get in their thirties. In 2004 for instance, 20% of all childbirths in the US were to women aged 35 and above, and in 2005, there were more babies born to women aged between 35 and 40 years than to any other age group (Mac Dougall, Beyene, and Nachtigall, 2012). With this trending gaining momentum, the average age for women getting babies is now estimated to be 31years, high above 27 years back in 1985. Getting a child for a woman during her late years like in the case of Marsha and Liam has both advantages and disadvantagesOne advantage of getting a child after the age of thirty five among women is that by the age of 35, one would be both financially and intellectually stable to be able to put u[p a family and take care of her children. By the time one gets to 35 years, they have reached great heights in their careers and education a nd have greater financial security. In this case they would be willing to devote a lot of their attention to their children and family life (Toothman, Erica and   Barrett, 2011 ).On the other hand, there are also many disadvantages associated with late child birth. One of them is the health problems, including a decrease in levels of fertility thus risking the ability of women to conceive (Toothman, Erica and   Barrett, 2011 ). The children born to older mothers are also likely to develop health complications.Marsha and Liam seem to have developed fertility problems and find it hard to conceive children due to their older age. There are however various ways in with the couple can have babies despite their age. This can be achieved through medical procedures where a their sperm and ovum can be joined in a test tube and let to mature in to a test tube baby after which they will have the baby and raise it like any other baby (Toothman, Erica and   Barrett, 2011 ).ReferencesMac Do ugall, K., Beyene, Y and Nachtigall. R. D. (2012). Inconvenient Biology:’ Advantages and Disadvantages of First-time Parenting after Age 40 Using in Vitro Fertilization.Human Reproduction, Feb. 14, 2012, Vol. 27 No.4, 1058-065.Toothman, E. L. and Barrett, A. E.  (2011). Mapping Midlife: An Examination of Social Factors Shaping Conceptions of the Timing of Middle Age. Advances in Life Course Research, Vol. 16, Issue 3: 99–111.

buy custom Reasons for the Decrease in Russian Population essay

buy custom Reasons for the Decrease in Russian Population essay The latest demographic statistics about the population of Russia has raised intense discussion from demographers, media and the policy stakeholders. This is particularly because of the accelerating rates of population decline that Russia is experiencing. Although this decline has been underway since the breakup of the Soviet Union that took place almost a decade ago, the recent decline is particularly alarming. Russian population decreased by approximately 4.3 million to almost 144 million in January 2002 (Kuchins 119-121). The relative speed of natural decrease and declining immigration rates in Russia seem to have increased from 1998. The general decline in Russian population has been caused by a myriad of factors. These include the poor health-care systems, alcoholism, poverty levels and unemployment factors in Russia. In order to understand the demographic realities of Russia, exploration of these variables is an essential undertaking. This paper thus seeks to discuss the reasons behind the continued decline of the Russian population. In so doing, this work will tend to focus majorly on the medical/health aspects in a bid to explain this alarming demographic trend. This will, however, be linked to unemployment levels, alcoholism, healthcare standards and poverty in Russia. The conclusion of this work will be on the projections on the prospects of change of this phenomenon in the future. Deteriorating Health and Implication on Russian Population The declining health status in Russia is in part to blame for the decrease in its population. Most demographers concede that the most genuine reason for the decline in the Russian population is the dramatic rise in mortality rates. This is more evident among the working-age men. For example, in the early 1990s, Russia registered an unusual increase in the number of deaths that mostly occurred from unnatural causes (Tulchinsky and Varavikova 497). Demographics for Russia are surprising as it indicates that by 1994, the mortality rates for the males in Russia aged between 15 and 64 years was about two times higher than it was in 1986. In fact, according to the World Population Council (WPC), Russia currently has the lowest life expectancy, especially for males, among the developed countries. This stands at 58 years. This presents the largest disparity in the life expectancy of 13.5 years when males are compared to females on the same variable, all factors held constant (Tulchinsky and Varavikova 497). The health-care system of Russia is a major contribution to the declining national population as a result of high mortality rates. This is particularly so for the deaths that is caused by preventable infections and diseases. The problems with the Russian health-care system have accumulated over a long period of time. The Soviet period was characterized by reluctance to initiate incentives towards improving the medical services. The occurrence of the changes in the health-care system of Russia set in at a time when the Russian government was ill prepared to adapt and adjust its health-care system accordingly (Uhlenberg 127). Excessive focus on ideology at the expense of development of effective goals to address the medical problems that persisted in Russia even as its health-care system became impoverished worsened the state of health-care system in the country. There was thus lack of proper investment in medical facilities and equipments that were necessary to address the medical concerns of the country. As a result, the health-care system further slumped into degradation. The health-care system of Russia remains a key contributor to the increase in mortality rates in the country (Uhlenberg 127-128). This is because in its current status, the system is too ineffective to address the medical and healthcare needs of the population. Cost cutting occasioned by the crumbled Russian economy has greatly plunged the health-care system into a mess that is complicated to clean up. Because of poor health-care system in Russia, the health status of the Russian population is on an alarming decline rate (Uhlenberg 127). Diseases that were initially thought to be controllable or can be eliminated such as diphtheria are again on the increase threatening the life of the Russian population. The Russian governments initiative to save the health-care system from financial crisis and poor services has not yielded much. For example, the decision to privatize health services only fueled the crisis. Uhlenberg (128) cited that the established compulsory health insurance that is supposed to be financed through taxes has not worked because of the high poverty levels, high rates of unemployment, and the unwillingness of Russians to pay for the healthcare services since they were already used to free healthcare services. This has rendered many Russians unable to access medical and healthcare services. In the long run, diseases and illnesses that could be prevented or treated have ended up killing many. The health conditions of the Russian rural population are deplorable and lamentable. It is very unfortunate that the annual mortality rates reported are increasing because of the poor health-care system in the countryside. Manning and Tichonova (177) reports that the rural population in Russia is more vulnerable and exposed to the risk of death because of the inaccessibility of the health facilities. The facilities that are locally available are under-equipped, under-staffed or just too expensive for the people to access healthcare. As a result, when one falls sick in the Russian countryside, the probability that such persons may die before their health issues are attended to by a medical specialist is very high. In their interview with the rural population, Manning and Tichonova (177-188) cited that only a third of the respondents had had a complete medical check between 1969 and 1989. This is contrary to the situation in the urban centres. The urban population is more able to access medical and healthcare services. Although the challenge of cost of healthcare still persists in the urban centers, the Russian urban population is less exposed to the risk of death resulting from poor healthcare compared to the ural population. Therefore, one who is sick in the village is at a higher health and medical risk than the urban population. Diseases and High Mortality rates in Russia The immediate consequence of the dilapidation of the Russian health-care system is the rise in infections and diseases. Statistics about disease infection rates in Russia are alarming and loudly voice the reasons for the declining Russian population that remains alarming. For example, approximately 15% of couples in Russia are infertile (BBC News, 2000). Another 75% of Russian women are experiencing very chronic and severe medical problems in the course of pregnancy (BBC News, 2000). These figures explain the reason for the low fertility rates in Russia. The demographic implication of low low fertility rates and high mortality rates is generally a decline in the total population. The fertility rate of Russia in 1999 was 1.17 (BBC News, 2000), (Fertility rate is the average number of children that a woman aged 15 and 49 has). This demographic equation is sadly real and sensible in Russia. Besides, Sexually Transmitted Diseases have taken a toll in Russia. These include syphilis, gonorrhea, HIV/AIDS, Chlamydia and other sexually transmitted infections (Tulchinsky and Varavikova 500). The rate of HIV/AIDS infection in Russia is estimated to be one of the highest across the globe. The vulnerable populations such as drug users, homosexuals, prostitutes, do not take HIV/AIDS tests because of the confidentiality concerns. As a result, the disease has spread and become the leading Russian killer disease. The problem is further compounded by the poor health-care system that is lacking in facilities and equipments. The public health facilities lack hypodermic syringes that are disposable. This results in repeated use of needles that are unsterilized. Tulchinsky and Varavikova (497-501) cited that many patients thus contract HIV/AIDS and other diseases and die of the same. This, too, contributes to high mortality and decline in the Russian population. The implication of a high toll of infections in Russia is unfortunate. It is unfortunate in the sense that most of these infections affect the quality of the babies that are born. This is because the health of the babies is put at risk. The infections contribute towards the high infant mortality rates in Russia. The optimism for reversal of the downward demographic trend in Russia is thus gone especially because there is no hope for fertile women in future. As infection rates continue to soar, the population in Russia continues to be put at risk of further decline. Perhaps this explains the stable decline in the Russian population (Tulchinsky and Varavikova 497). Tuberculosis is a historical problem in Russia. The rate of TB infection rose to alarming levels in the early 1990s. Fueled by poor health-care system, the former Soviet Union country has lost so many people due to TB infections. The most vulnerable populations have been the drug addicts, alcoholics, the poor and the unemployed and the inmates. Thus poor health system has promoted the spread of diseases that were initially preventable and curable. Lives have been lost and more are still at risk of dying as a result of such diseases as tuberculosis. This adds to the already soaring mortality rates and thus contributes to more decline in the Russian population. Alcoholism and the Declining Russian Population In considering the factors that have contributed to high mortality rates in Russia alcoholism and other drug abuse is listed. Increased alcohol consumption in Russia contributes to the high mortality rates of the working-age population (Uhlenberg 120). According to the studies conducted on labor related accidents and disasters in Russia, the prime cause of some of the accidents is alcoholism. The employees who work with machines often report to work under the influence of alcohol. This makes them vulnerable to accidents and incidents that are caused by omissions and commissions resulting from negligence and lack of concentration. Alcohol is responsible for the high prevalence rates of HIV/AIDS and other STIs that account for a significant percentage of mortality rates in Russia. Alcohol contributes majorly to the mortality of the Russian male population. The anti-alcoholism campaign that was launched in the early 1990s contributed to improvement of the life expectancy of the Russian male population (Uhlenberg 120-121). So serious was the problem of alcoholism in Russia that the government had to intervene to secure its population from the soaring mortality rates that were majorly a consequence of alcoholism. Uhlenberg (120) observed, as many other experts equally did, that the relatively smaller increase in the life expectancy of the Russian population in 2006 was partly because of the active campaigns launched by the government that led to a reduction in the levels of alcohol consumption. The high rates of alcoholism in Russia is to blame for the increase in cardiovascular infections that has further cut short the life of many people especially the working-age population. This further contributed to high mortality rates resulting from heart-related infections and diseases that, given the dilapidated health-care system in Russia, only worsened and sealed the fate of victims to death (Uhlenberg 120). Alcoholism has thus greatly contributed towards the demographic fiasco that Russia is grappling with. The excessive levels of alcoholism among the male Russian population further contribute to the decline in the national population given that this phenomenon directly impedes the stability of the family. The age of the male population that is addicted to alcoholism is the working-age cohort. This implies that most households are rendered unable to meet the cost of living as women struggle with bringing up children. Child-bearing is thus avoided as women shy away from the burden of bringing up large families single-handedly. Besides, excessive alcoholism also limits the reproductive health, performance and activity of the Russian male population. These factors contribute significantly to the low fertility rate that is evident in the Russian demographics. Unemployment and Decline in Russian Population Unemployment is a factor that is directly connected to the realities of the demographics of any given population. This is the fact even with Russia. Thus unemployment can be used as significant variable in the study of the factors that contribute to the steady decline of the Russian population (Marshalle 64). Unemployment directly translates to poverty and lower family income. In Russia, the greatest percentage of the population that can be assumed to be actively productive lack employment. As a result, the dependency ratio is average by figure but in reality very alarming. The men who head the households who are also expected to be the breadwinners for such households are given to chronic levels of alcoholism as a defense mechanism against the harsh reality of the poverty and unemployment levels in Russia. Unemployment rates generally relates to poverty levels or poverty index of any state. This implies that the high levels of unemployment in Russia also translates to increased poverty in Russia. The reality of this phenomenon is unfortunate but directly leads population change in Russia (Marshalle 64-65). It can be used to explain the rising levels of population decline in Russia. As households in Russia become more and more impoverished and deprived in terms of access to reliable and stable source of income, the fertility rates decline. The decline in fertility rates leads to population decline since already there is high mortality rates in Russia that is occasioned with poor health-care facilities and the surge in the spread of infectious and terminal diseases in this country. All these factors contribute to the rise of the levels of negative population change in Russia (Marshalle 64). The statistics about the status of employment in Russia is alarming. For example, in the year 2007, approximately 4.6 million Russians were officially reported to be unemployed and lacked a stable and reliable source of income. This figure rose further to 6.4 million people in the year 2009 (Marshalle 64). Besides, the quality of employment has also declined for those who can be considered to be productively employed and economically active. These rates are temporal because as more global economic challenges hit hard, more and more sections of the Russian population are rendered unemployed and become dependents. In such scenarios, no single household will bear the burden of having more than two children. Even those that can be said to be employed limit the number of children because of the fear of cost of raising up a large family. Not more than 15% of university graduates have decent jobs in their areas of specialized training (Marshalle 74). Most of these graduates and the young professionals in Russia work out of their areas of specialization because of the low income and the high levels of unemployment in Russia. These directly inhibit positive population growth from the gross national increase and other factors such as immigration. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO) young graduates in Russia keep on changing jobs from one company to another. Graduate engineers, for example, who miss decent engineering job opportunities either resort to alcoholism, other social ills or go about taking up job opportunities that hardly meet their needs. In this state of affairs, more and more prospective heads of households shy away from having large family sizes because of the cost implications of sustaining such families (Marshalle 56). The difficulty of securing a well paying job leaves most families or households very impoverished. People aged 40 years and above are finding it really hard to secure employment opportunities in Russia. This section of the Russian population is the age cohort that can be assumed by demographers to be the actively productive members of the society who have another high number of dependents (Marshalle 64-66). This explains the reason for household poverty that faces many Russian families. This economic reality conditions many potentially reproductive populations to limit the number of children that they are willing to raise. As a result, low fertility rates in Russia are to remain relatively stable as the population experiences a decline. The true picture of employment state of Russia is that there are specially trained personnel. Nevertheless, Russia faces a crisis of finding people who are ready and willing to take up the job opportunities where they work hard and get unacceptably low pays. Marshalle (64) cited that this makes many of the married couples and individuals in conjugal relationships to embrace active and consistent use of family planning methods and contraceptives to limit the risk of conception. However, this phenomenon adds to the already low fertility rates in Russia. Unemployment and poverty therefore contributes to the relatively stable pattern of population decline in Russia. Prospects for Change in the Russian Declining Population The negative change in the Russian population that ushered in a rapid decline from the early 1990s has slim chances of reversal for the better. The government population policies to enhance fertility rates and alter the relatively high mortality rates have not been very effective. The health-care system in Russia remains under-funded even in the post Soviet period. This implies that the high mortality rates in the countryside and the urban centers are not about to decline. The rise in the rate of infectious infections and diseases can thus not be altered. As a result, the Russian demographic dynamics are headed for the worse. Conclusion The Russian demographic dynamics and realities are alarming especially given the high mortality and low fertility rates. In order to change the rising decline in the Russian population, the Russian government must invest in the health-care system, development effective economic stimulus structures and programs to create more job opportunities. This will alleviate the household poverty situations in the Russian population. Improved household income will improve the reproductive and demographic realities in Russia. Buy custom Reasons for the Decrease in Russian Population essay

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The Problem of Homelessness - Research Paper Example In the first article above, The National Healthcare for Homeless Clinician’s Network reckons that substance abuse is a major contributor to homelessness among individuals, with over half of the homeless individuals and 70% of the homeless veterans estimated to be drug addicts. The article asserts that combating drug addictions is an effective way of ending chronic homelessness. In the second article listed above, the Portland Rescue Mission notes addiction as the number one cause of homelessness globally (with 68% of cities in the United States alone reporting addiction as the cause of homelessness). The other nine causes included are domestic violence, mental illness, job loss and underemployment, foreclosure, post-traumatic stress, throw away teens, relational brokenness, and grief and finally despair. In the last article, Eugene Didenko and Nicole Pankratz observe that a plethora of researches and surveys indicate that homeless people have much higher rates of substance use than the general population. In my attempts to put in place a presentation on the benefits of sports for my PSY180 class, I saw it wise to additionally argue against some of the major oppositions to my point of view. The internet provided a suitable source of such information on opposing views. In my attempts to put in place a presentation on the benefits of sports for my PSY180 class, I saw it wise to additionally argue against some of the major oppositions to my point of view. The internet provided a suitable source of such information on opposing views, with Google being my preferred search engine. In addition to the reasons already stated in scenario 2 above, I always opt for Google for its relative convenience, easy use, minimal technical difficulties, issues and problems, the credibility of sources therein and reliability hence. In addition, to further ensure the credibility and reliability of my selected sources, I am keen to note which authors, groups of authors and institutions are behind a given select ed piece.

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The Role of the Mentor In Organising, Managing And Leading Programmes of Learning In Clinical Education - Essay Example In fact, one of the most familiar adages puts it, â€Å"Experience teaches us best.† This can be further elaborated from Kolb’s theory of experiential learning. Illustration 1: Kolb’s cycle of experiential learning (Quinn, 2000). In this theory, Kolb’s emphasised four generic adaptive abilities to reach effective learning and these involve concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation (Quinn, 2000). Furthermore, in clinical education, another important point in facilitating learning is about providing strategies for effective clinical teaching (Gaberson and Oermann, 2010). However, facilitation alone does not prove to be sufficient to ensure learning at the highest level. Supervision in learning in clinical practice is a must. Aside from facilitating the students in their learning in clinical education, mentors have the role to supervise them. This supervision is evident on the supervision cycle model o f Goldhammer and his colleagues in 1980. Regarding this supervision, it is an integral part of educator’s role (a) to initiate pre-observation stage which establishes rapport, reviews plans and discusses and rehearses changes; (b) the next stage is about educator’s actual observation of the session and taking into account noting issues for future discussion; (c) the third stage is about the analysis of the data that educator’s gathered from observation and consequently followed by strategy planning for feedbacks; (d) finally, both educator and student should initiate individual analyses and undergo plans for modification (Rose and Best, 2005). Supervision therefore is a hands-on activity that tries not only to facilitate learning, but more so... This essay stresses that managing the assessment process so that there is time for continuous feedback and identifying if the student is progressing is another important concern in student’s learning process. It is true that meting the challenges and difficulties presented to the mentors while supporting students in practice is another important area of concern. This is the bottom line of support system. This paper makes a conclusion that managing the situation if there are other concerns involved is another important move in student’s learning success. For example, enhancing the learning of students in the hospital area requires placement area analysis. This means mentors are not only there to facilitate, supervise, assess and give their support, but they should substantially consider the remarkable strengths and weaknesses of their students in their specific placement area. Mentors therefore are expected to conduct analysis and even specific forms of research. Students prior to becoming certified professionals in the clinical practice should undergo necessary learning, but they should not acquire this by themselves. They need mentors to teach, train and above all to support them prior to achieving their individual future objectives in life. Mentors therefore are expected to put their best foot forward as leaders which have substantial ability to facilitate, supervise, assess and support learning at the highest level as possible.